In logic there are 4 fundamental laws (although some list only 3):

1. The Law of Identity – A is A.
2. The Law of Noncontradiction – A is not non-A.
3. The Law of the Excluded Middle – Either A or non-A.
4. The Law of Sufficient Reason – There should be sufficient reason for all that happens.

These laws are just as real as the laws of nature. Without the laws of logic, nothing that exists can exist. They transcend time and space because without the laws of logic, there would be no time or space. They are universal and concrete, meaning they are true no matter where we are and are unchangeable. They cannot be changed. In this sense, they are more fundamental than the laws of nature, which possibly could be suspended (such as in a miracle or quantum physics).

Philosopher Dr. J.P. Moreland put it this way:

“The basic laws of logic are neither arbitrary inventions of God nor principles that exist completely outside God’s being. Obviously, the laws of logic are not like the laws of nature. God may violate the latter (say, suspend gravity), but He cannot violate the former. Those laws are rooted in God’s own nature. Indeed, some scholars think the passage “In the beginning was the Word [logos]” (Jn 1:1) is accurately translated, “In the beginning was Logic (a divine, rational mind).” For example, even God cannot exist and not exist at the same time, and even God cannot validly believe that red is a color and red is not a color. When people say that God need not behave “logically,” they are using the term in a loose sense to mean “the sensible thing from my point of vew.” Often God does not act in ways that people understand or judge to be what they would do in the circumstances. But God never behaves illogically in the proper sense. He does not violate in His being or thought the fundamental laws of logic.” (What Are the Three Laws of Logic?)

The skeptic cannot argue that the laws of logic are the product of the brain because they are universal, and what occurs within our skulls has no effect on distant planets or galaxies. They are not products of human constructs.

With this in mind consider the following premises:

P1. Logic must originate within a mind. 

P2. However, logic is not a human construct because logic is an eternal transcendent truth. 

P3. Since logic did not originate in human minds it must be grounded in an eternal transcendent mind. 

P4. An eternal transcendent Mind is what we call God. 

C1. Therefore, God exists.

A Brief Explanation

P1 is true; otherwise, there is no perception of the logical. By “originate,” I mean “comes from,” as opposed to being created by. For Christians, this directly connects to Christ. John 1:1 tells us that the Word (logos, where we get logic) was with God in the beginning, and the Logos came from the Father and dwelt with us (vs. 14).

P2 follows and seems to be self-evident for if there were no human minds logic would still exist.  For there to be any creation there must be logic. Logic, like mathematics, is immaterial, transcendent, and necessary.  Again, from the Christian perspective the Logos was with God and the Logos was God or is God.  As such, logic is necessary.

“Logic is transcendental . . . The propositions of logic describe the scaffolding of the world, or rather they present it” 

– Philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein

P3. Since logic is necessary then it cannot not exist. Logic is transcendent and eternal. “From everlasting to everlasting” God is God and therefore all that is the nature of God must be eternal. 

P4 There are transcendent minds that are not eternal (angels, demons, Satan) but only one eternal transcendent Mind. It is only God that is so tied to logic (logos). “In the beginning was the logos, the logos was with God, and the logos was God.”  We are told God is love. In this same sense, we can also say that God is logic, revealed in Christ. 

It seems to me that logic is directly connected to God and the person of Jesus Christ. Therefore, it would reflect the nature of God as one of His attributes, but one that is given to us through general grace. In this sense every time anyone uses logic (as with love) they are utilizing God’s nature that is imparted to every human through God’s grace. This, I believe, is seen in Saint Paul’s argument found in Romans 1.  And logic is one of the ways humans are unique in this world, since as Scripture reveals, we were created in God’s image.

The skeptic needs to admit that the laws of logic are transcendent, meaning they exist outside our human understanding. However, they cannot explain where these laws come from or why they exist. They have to rely on the theistic worldview to provide an explanation. Paul also recognized this dilemma.

“For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness,  because that which is known about God is evident within them; for God made it evident to them. For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes, both His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen, being understood through what has been made, so that they are without excuse. For even though they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God or give thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish heart was darkened. Professing to be wise, they became fools, and exchanged the glory of the incorruptible God for an image in the likeness of corruptible man and of birds and four-footed animals and crawling creatures.”

– Romans 1:18-23 LSB

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For more see:

What Are the Three Laws of Logic? by J.P. Moreland

Is God Real? The Case From The Transcendent Laws Of Logic by J. Warner and Jimmy Wallace

The Transcendental Argument for the existence of God by Matt Slick

What is the transcendental argument for the existence of God? by Got Questions